The methodology used varies from one domain to another, and detailed information on surveys and indicators is available through the SDDS metadata which accompany the NewCronos tables. The following is a brief overview of the methodology used:
- Research and development (R&D) - Data originate from the national R&D surveys which are based on the Frascati Manual, OECD, 2002.
- Community innovation survey (CIS) - Data originate from the national CIS surveys on innovation activity in enterprises which are based on the Oslo Manual, OECD/European Commission, 2005 (third edition).
- High-tech industry and knowledge-intensive services - Various origins and methodologies, statistics are compiled at Eurostat.
- Patents - Data originate from to the patent database PATSTAT hosted by the European Patent Office (EPO). PATSTAT gathers data on applications to the EPO and around 70 national patent offices all over the world (mainly USPTO and JPO), statistics are compiled at Eurostat.
- Human Resources in Science & Technology (HRST) - Data are derived at Eurostat from the EU Labour Force Survey (LFS) and the Data Collection on Education Systems (UOE) according to the guidelines in the Canberra Manual, OECD, 1995.
